Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper Angles & Flats

Copper in Commercial Grade, ETP (Electrolytic Tough Pitch) Conductivity, and High Purity forms represents a diverse range of copper alloys with distinct properties, each tailored for specific applications. Commercial Grade copper typically consists of a minimum of 99.9% copper and small amounts of other elements such as oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur. ETP Copper boasts even higher purity, often exceeding 99.9%, with controlled levels of impurities. High Purity Copper, on the other hand, is exceptionally refined, often surpassing 99.99% purity. These variations in composition result in differing electrical conductivity levels, with ETP and High Purity Copper offering excellent conductivity, making them essential for electrical and electronic applications.

The standout feature of these copper forms lies in their superior electrical and thermal conductivity, making them invaluable in electrical wiring, power transmission, and electronic components. Their low resistivity and minimal energy loss characteristics optimize their efficiency in conducting electricity and dissipating heat. In addition, their malleability and ductility facilitate ease of fabrication and forming, allowing intricate designs and connections.

Copper in these grades exhibits commendable corrosion resistance, particularly in various atmospheric and aqueous environments. While Commercial Grade copper may develop a characteristic greenish patina over time, ETP and High Purity Copper maintain their appearance and resist oxidation, contributing to their longevity and reliability in various applications.

Heat treatment is typically not required for these copper forms, as their properties are primarily derived from their inherent composition. However, annealing processes may be employed to relieve stresses and restore electrical conductivity in ETP and High Purity Copper after extensive fabrication.

Applications for these copper variants span a wide range of industries. Commercial Grade copper is commonly used in plumbing, architecture, and decorative applications due to its balance of performance and cost-effectiveness. ETP Copper is favored in electrical and electronic components such as conductors, bus bars, and printed circuit boards, where high electrical conductivity is critical. High Purity Copper finds use in specialized electronics, superconductors, and research applications where minimal impurities are imperative for optimal performance.